......
    

Kinds Index

Table of all the kinds;   how arithmetic affects them; and   details of each kind in turn.
What are kinds?  ; More about kinds of object  ; And kinds of value  

......

value    default value     repeat     props     under 
    object [308]     north    cross    tick    cross

room [53]      

Tunnel    tick    tick    tick

Tunnel [25]       

Tunnel    tick    tick    tick

thing [243]     

yourself    tick    tick    tick

door      

nothing    tick    tick    tick

container [40]     

small-flash-grenade-pack    tick    tick    tick

vehicle      

nothing    tick    tick    tick

player's holdall      

nothing    tick    tick    tick

treasure pack [33]       

small-flash-grenade-pack    tick    tick    tick

supporter     

nothing    tick    tick    tick

backdrop [2]      

Rust spores    tick    tick    tick

person [25]      

yourself    tick    tick    tick

man [2]     

Fafhrd    tick    tick    tick

woman     

nothing    tick    tick    tick

animal     

nothing    tick    tick    tick

monster [22]       

swarm of daggers    tick    tick    tick

device      

nothing    tick    tick    tick

subject       

nothing    tick    tick    tick

weapon [46]       

your natural weapon    tick    tick    tick

natural weapon [25]       

your natural weapon    tick    tick    tick

sword [6]       

smoky blade    tick    tick    tick

rapier [1]       

gilded rapier    tick    tick    tick

dagger [3]       

gorgeous dagger    tick    tick    tick

axe [2]       

fearsome axe    tick    tick    tick

scythe [3]       

scythe of flaming    tick    tick    tick

staff of pain [1]       

tormentor's staff    tick    tick    tick

power [11]       

power of the daggers    tick    tick    tick

essence [5]       

essence of caution    tick    tick    tick

Clothing [16]       

tormenting necklace    tick    tick    tick

necklace [1]       

tormenting necklace    tick    tick    tick

hat [3]       

crown of the empire    tick    tick    tick

shirt [4]       

smoky robe    tick    tick    tick

cloak [1]       

cloak of shadows    tick    tick    tick

Shoes [2]       

boots of the war dance    tick    tick    tick

Trousers       

nothing    tick    tick    tick

belt       

nothing    tick    tick    tick

Gauntlets       

nothing    tick    tick    tick

mask [3]       

goggles of acuity    tick    tick    tick

suit [2]       

suit of plate mail    tick    tick    tick

grenade [14]       

flash grenade    tick    tick    tick

flash grenade [5]       

flash grenade    tick    tick    tick

rust grenade [1]       

rust grenade    tick    tick    tick

smoke grenade [4]       

smoke grenade    tick    tick    tick

fragmentation grenade [3]       

fragmentation grenade    tick    tick    tick

salve [3]       

unguentum argenti    tick    tick    tick

unguentum argenti [3]       

unguentum argenti    tick    tick    tick

sprayable [1]       

fungicide contraption    tick    tick    tick

scroll [24]       

scroll of teleportation    tick    tick    tick

package of ment [13]       

package of ment    tick    tick    tick

extra [6]       

broken pipe    tick    tick    tick

symbol-extra [2]       

holy symbols    tick    tick    tick

rotting limb [5]       

rotting left leg    tick    tick    tick

direction [12]      

north    tick    tick    tick

region      

nothing    tick    tick    tick
    . . . . . . . . . . . .    . . . . . . . . . . . .    . . .    . . .    . . .
    number       0    cross    cross    tick
    time       9:00 AM    tick    cross    tick
    truth state      false    tick    cross    tick
    text     ""    cross    cross    cross
    indexed text      ""    cross    cross    cross
    unicode character     unicode 32 (a space)    cross    cross    cross
    snippet      word 1 of command    cross    cross    cross
    stored action      waiting    cross    cross    cross
    scene [1]      Entire Game    tick    tick    tick
    command parser error [20]     didn't understand error    tick    tick    tick
    faction  [7]     friendly    tick    tick    tick
    combat state  [3]     at-Inactive    tick    tick    tick
    combat round state  [5]     peace    tick    tick    tick
    vertical placement  [6]     vp-agnostic    tick    tick    tick
    mood  [8]     civilised    tick    tick    tick
    size  [6]     tiny    tick    tick    tick
    material  [14]     other-material    tick    tick    tick
    heat-behaviour  [2]     burner    tick    tick    tick
    player form  [4]     human-form    tick    tick    tick
    valuation  [6]     minor    tick    tick    tick
    scroll-effect-value  [13]     scroll-teleportation    tick    tick    tick
    scroll-parsable  [13]     none-parse    tick    tick    tick
    as-shape  [3]     as-witch    tick    tick    tick
    achievement  [14]     Assistant dungeoneer    tick    tick    tick
    use option     the ineffectual option    tick    cross    cross
    table name      a table with no rows or columns    tick    cross    cross
    equation name     an equation doing nothing    cross    cross    cross
    action name      waiting action    tick    cross    cross
    figure name [2]      Figure of cover    tick    tick    tick
    sound name      a silent non-sound    tick    tick    tick
    external file [3]      file of save data    tick    tick    tick
    . . . . . . . . . . . .    . . . . . . . . . . . .    . . .    . . .    . . .
    phrase K -> L     always the default value of L    cross    cross    cross
    relation of K     a relation never holding    cross    cross    cross
    K based rule producing L      the little-used do nothing rule    cross    cross    cross
    K based rulebook producing L      the action-processing rules    cross    cross    cross
    activity on K      printing the name    cross    cross    cross
    list of K      { }    cross    cross    cross
    description of K      matching nothing    cross    cross    cross
    K valued property     --    cross    cross    cross
    K valued table column     --    cross    cross    cross

The default value is used when we make something like a variable but don't tell Inform what its value is. For instance, if we write 'Zero hour is a time that varies', but don't tell Inform anything specific like 'Zero hour is 11:21 PM.', then Inform uses the value in the table above to decide what it will be. The same applies if we create a property (for instance, 'A person has a number called lucky number.'). Kinds of value not included in the table cannot be used in variables and properties.

A tick for repeat means that it's possible to repeat through values of this kind. For instance, 'repeat with T running through times:' is allowed, but 'repeat with N running through numbers:' is not - there are too many numbers for this to make sense. A tick here also means it's possible to form lists such as 'list of rulebooks', or to count the 'number of scenes'.

A tick for props means that values of this kind can have properties. For instance, 'A scene can be thrilling or dull.' makes an either/or property of a scene, but 'A number can be nice or nasty.' is not allowed because it would cost too much storage space. (Of course 'Definition:' can always be used to make adjectives applying to numbers; it's only properties which have storage worries.)

A tick for under means that it's possible to understand values of this kind. For instance, 'Understand "award [number]" as awarding.' might be allowed, if awarding were an action applying to a number, but 'Understand "run [rule]" as rule-running.' is not allowed - there are so many rules with such long names that Inform doesn't add them to its vocabulary during play.


    Kinds of value marked with the calculator symbol are numerical - these are values we can add, multiply and so on. The range of these numbers depends on the Format setting for the project (Glulx format supports much higher numbers than Z-code).

kind of value    minimum    maximum    dimensions
number    --    --    dimensionless
time    1 minute    23 hours 59 minutes    (time)


object (plural objects)

Matches: value, sayable value
Objects are values intended to simulate physical things: places, people, things, and so on. They come in many kinds. The special value 'nothing' is also allowed, and can be used to mean 'no object at all'.
Usually singular-named not plural-named, improper-named not proper-named.
Can have printed name (text), printed plural name (text), indefinite article (text), difficulty level (number).

room (plural rooms) 

Represents geographical locations, both indoor and outdoor, which are not necessarily areas in a building. A player in one room is mostly unable to sense, or interact with, anything in a different room. Rooms are arranged in a map.
Usually lighted not dark, unvisited not visited, not placed not placed, connectable not not connectable, not connection-inviting not connection-inviting, placeable not not placeable, habitable not not habitable, treasurable not not treasurable, extra-accepting not not extra-accepting, notnogo not nogo, not consecrated not consecrated, teleportable not not teleportable, not rust-spored not rust-spored, not rust-spored-candidate not rust-spored-candidate, not smoke-demoned not smoke-demoned, initiative-conferring not not initiative-conferring.
Can have description (text), map region (object), x-coordinate (number), y-coordinate (number), z-coordinate (number), smoke timer (number), vertical placement (vertical placement), mood (mood).

 53 rooms

Tunnel (plural Tunnels) 

Usually not placeable not placeable.

 25 Tunnels

thing (plural things)

Represents anything interactive in the model world that is not a room. People, pieces of scenery, furniture, doors and mislaid umbrellas might all be examples, and so might more surprising things like the sound of birdsong or a shaft of sunlight.
Usually unlit not lit, inedible not edible, portable not fixed in place, described not undescribed, unmarked for listing not marked for listing, mentioned not unmentioned, neuter, unseen not seen, unfamiliar not familiar, ordinarily enumerated not ambiguously plural, not a digging tool not digging tool, not a collapsing tool not collapsing tool, not flaming not flaming, cooler not not cooler, not rusted not rusted, actual not prototypical, corruptible not incorruptible, not cursed not cursed, not curse-identified not curse-identified.
Usually not scenery, wearable, pushable between rooms, handled.
Can have description (text), initial appearance (text), matching key (object), disambiguation id (number), original material (material), heat strength (number), internal heat (number), personal corrosion resistance (number), hidden identity (thing), mood (mood), material (material), valuation (valuation).

 243 things

door (plural doors) 

Represents a conduit joining two rooms, most often a door or gate but sometimes a plank bridge, a slide or a hatchway. Usually visible and operable from both sides (for instance if you write 'The blue door is east of the Ballroom and west of the Garden.'), but sometimes only one-way (for instance if you write 'East of the Ballroom is the long slide. Through the long slide is the cellar.').
Always fixed in place not portable.
Usually closed not open, openable not unopenable, unlocked not locked.
Usually not lockable.
Never pushable between rooms.
Can have other side (object).

container (plural containers)

Represents something into which portable things can be put, such as a teachest or a handbag. Something with a really large immobile interior, such as the Albert Hall, had better be a room instead.
Usually opaque not transparent, open not closed, unopenable not openable, unlocked not locked, not rust-releasing not rust-releasing.
Usually not enterable, lockable.
Can have carrying capacity (number).

 40 containers

vehicle (plural vehicles) 

Represents a container large enough for a person to enter, and which can then move between rooms at the driver's instruction. (If a supporter is needed instead, try the extension Rideable Vehicles by Graham Nelson.)
Always enterable.
Usually fixed in place not portable.

player's holdall (plural player's holdalls) 

Represents a container which the player can carry around as a sort of rucksack, into which spare items are automatically stowed away.
Always portable not fixed in place.
Usually openable not unopenable.

treasure pack (plural treasure packs) 

 33 treasure packs

supporter (plural supporters)

Represents a surface on which things can be placed, such as a table.
Usually fixed in place not portable.
Usually not enterable.
Can have carrying capacity (number).

backdrop (plural backdrops) 

Represents an aspect of the landscape or architecture which extends across more than one room: for instance, a stream, the sky or a long carpet.
Always fixed in place not portable.
Usually scenery.
Never pushable between rooms.

Rust spores  , Clouds of smoke 

person (plural people) 

Despite the name, not necessarily a human being, but anything animate enough to envisage having a conversation with, or bartering with.
Usually male not female, not at parry not at parry, not at dodge not at dodge, not emotionless not emotionless, not weapon user not weapon user, not flyer not flyer, not blinded not blinded, not eyeless not eyeless, not spontaneous teleporter not spontaneous teleporter, not teleport impossible aware not teleport impossible aware, not follower not follower, not risky not risky, not Aite-loved not Aite-loved, not death-blessed not death-blessed, not death-cursed not death-cursed, not hidden not hidden, not on-the-lookout not on-the-lookout, not unnaturally aware not unnaturally aware, not unnaturally aware follower not unnaturally aware follower, not smoke attuned not smoke attuned, not ethereal not ethereal, not cautious not cautious, not enraged not enraged, not patient not patient, not greedy not greedy, not at-stun not at-stun, not barkskinned not barkskinned, not hexed not hexed, not retreater not retreater, not runner not runner.
Usually not neuter, non-attacker, sometime-stunned, tentacle-confused.
Can have carrying capacity (number), health (number), initiative (number), AI rules (people based rulebook), permanent health (number), melee (number), defence (number), concentration (number), level (number), group level (number), Perception (number), Dexterity (number), Willpower (number), inherent damage modifier (number), heal power (number), heal cooldown (number), current heal cooldown (number), teleport amount (number), teleport eagerness (number), disintegrate power (number), disintegrate cooldown (number), current disintegrate cooldown (number), follower percentile chance (number), intrinsic heat resistance (number), ethereal timer (number), hit protection (number), stun count (number), last-seen-location (room), faction (faction), combat state (combat state), size (size).

 25 people

man (plural men)

Represents a man or boy.
Always male not female.
Never neuter.

Fafhrd  , Mouser 

woman (plural women)

Represents a woman or girl.
Always female not male.
Never neuter.

animal (plural animals)

Represents an animal, or at any rate a non-human living creature reasonably large and possible to interact with: a giant Venus fly-trap might qualify, but not a patch of lichen.

monster (plural monsters) 

Usually neuter.

 22 monsters

device (plural devices) 

Represents a machine or contrivance of some kind which can be switched on or off.
Usually switched off not switched on.

subject (plural subjects) 

Something that conversation can refer to, but which has no real-world presence or functionality.
Usually familiar not unfamiliar.

weapon (plural weapons) 

Usually not readied not readied, not ranged not ranged, armour-stoppable not not armour-stoppable.
Can have damage die (number), weapon damage bonus (number), dodgability (number), passive parry max (number), active parry max (number), weapon attack bonus (number), special weapon info (text).

 46 weapons

natural weapon (plural natural weapons) 

 25 natural weapons

sword (plural swords) 

smoky blade  , Fafhrd's sword  , Mouser's sword  , healer's sword  , defender's sword  , demon blade 

rapier (plural rapiers) 

gilded rapier 

dagger (plural daggers) 

gorgeous dagger  , vampiric dagger  , dagger of draining 

axe (plural axes) 

fearsome axe  , executioner's axe 

scythe (plural scythes) 

scythe of flaming  , scythe of slaying  , scythe of oxidation 

staff of pain (plural staves of pain) 

Usually ranged not not ranged.

tormentor's staff 

power (plural powers) 

Usually not granted not granted.
Can have power level (number), command text (text).

 11 powers

essence (plural essences) 

essence of caution  , essence of rage  , essence of patience  , essence of greed  , essence of addiction 

Clothing (plural Clothings) 

Usually wearable.
Can have constriction prevention (number).

 16 Clothings

necklace (plural necklaces) 

tormenting necklace 

hat (plural hats) 

crown of the empire  , crown of Hargo  , Metastasio's hat 

shirt (plural shirts) 

smoky robe  , asbestos vest  , robe of the dead mage  , monk's robe 

cloak (plural cloaks) 

cloak of shadows 

Shoes (plural Shoeses) 

boots of the war dance  , boots of wandering 

Trousers (plural Trouserss) 

belt (plural belts) 

Gauntlets (plural Gauntletss) 

mask (plural masks) 

goggles of acuity  , goggles of blindness  , war mask 

suit (plural suits) 

suit of plate mail  , suit of dragon armour 

grenade (plural grenades) 

 14 grenades

flash grenade (plural flash grenades) 

flash grenade  , flash grenade  , flash grenade  , flash grenade  , flash grenade 

rust grenade (plural rust grenades) 

rust grenade 

smoke grenade (plural smoke grenades) 

smoke grenade  , smoke grenade  , smoke grenade  , smoke grenade 

fragmentation grenade (plural fragmentation grenades) 

fragmentation grenade  , fragmentation grenade  , fragmentation grenade 

salve (plural salves) 

unguentum argenti  , unguentum argenti  , unguentum argenti 

unguentum argenti (plural unguenta argenti) 

unguentum argenti  , unguentum argenti  , unguentum argenti 

sprayable (plural sprayables) 

fungicide contraption 

scroll (plural scrolls) 

Usually prototypical not actual.
Can have scroll-effect (scroll-effect-value), true-name (truth state), scroll-parsable (scroll-parsable), plural-name (text).

 24 scrolls

package of ment (plural packages of ment) 

 13 packages of ment

extra (plural extras) 

Usually fixed in place not portable.

broken pipe  , teleportation beacon  , statue of shards  , flickering lamps  , holy symbols  , unholy symbols 

symbol-extra (plural symbol-extras) 

holy symbols  , unholy symbols 

rotting limb (plural rotting limbs) 

rotting left leg  , rotting right leg  , rotting left arm  , rotting right arm  , rotting head 

direction (plural directions) 

Represents a direction of movement, such as northeast or down. They always occur in opposite, matched pairs: northeast and southwest, for instance; down and up.
Usually unmarked for listing not marked for listing, not cardinal not cardinal.
Can have opposite (direction).

 12 directions

region (plural regions) 

Represents a broader area than a single room, and allows rules to apply to a whole geographical territory. Each region can contain many rooms, and regions can even be inside each other, though they cannot otherwise overlap. For instance, the room Place d'Italie might be inside the region 13th Arrondissement, which in turn is inside the region Paris. Regions are useful mainly when the world is a large one, and are optional.


number (plural numbers) 

Matches: value, arithmetic value, sayable value
Whole number in the range -32768, -32767, ..., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 32767: small numbers can be written textually as 'one', 'two', 'three', ..., 'ten', 'eleven', 'twelve'. (A much larger number range is allowed if we compile the source to Glulx rather than the Z-machine: see the Settings panel.)

time (plural times) 

Matches: value, arithmetic value, sayable value
A time of day, written in the form '2:34 AM' or '12:51 PM', or a length of time such as '10 minutes' or '3 hours 31 minutes', which must be between 0 minutes and 23 hours 59 minutes inclusive.

truth state (plural truth states) 

Matches: value, sayable value
The state of whether something is 'true' or 'false'. (In other computing languages, this might be called 'boolean', after the 19th-century logician George Boole, who first realised this was a kind of value.)

text (plural texts)

Matches: value, sayable value
Some text in double quotation marks, perhaps with substitutions written in square brackets.

indexed text (plural indexed texts) 

Matches: value, sayable value
A flexible-length form of text which can be internally altered and searched. Inform automatically changes text to this format when necessary.

unicode character (plural unicode characters)

Matches: value, sayable value
A single character - a letter or item of punctuation.

snippet (plural snippets) 

Matches: value, sayable value
A fragment of the player's most recent typed command, taking in a run of consecutive words.

stored action (plural stored actions) 

Matches: value, sayable value
A stored action, which can later be tried.

scene (plural scenes) 

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
Like a scene in a play: a period of time which is usually tied to events in the plot. Scenes are created by sentences like 'Midnight Arrival is a scene.'
Usually non-recurring not recurring.
Can have description (text).

Entire Game

command parser error (plural command parser errors)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

 20 command parser errors

faction  (plural factions)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
Factions are groups of people who are allied to each other, and may or may not be opposed to the other factions.

friendly  , passive  , hostile  , undead  , horrific  , demonic  , enslaved 

combat state  (plural combat states)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
Represents the state of a person in the current combat round. at-Inactive people are no involved, the at-Act person is the main actor, and the at-React person(s) are reacting to the main actor.

at-Inactive  , at-Act  , at-React 

combat round state  (plural combat round states)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
Represents the state of the current combat round. This value kind is stored by the combat status global variable, which determines what happens when the combat round rulebook is run.

peace  , combat  , player choosing  , reactions  , concluding 

vertical placement  (plural vertical placements)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

vp-agnostic  , vp-underground  , vp-likely-underground  , vp-above-ground  , vp-high  , vp-likely-high 

mood  (plural moods)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

civilised  , religious  , barren  , deathly  , elemental  , magical  , alchemical  , non-mood 

size  (plural sizes)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

tiny  , small  , medium  , large  , huge  , gargantuan 

material  (plural materials)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
Can have material-adjective (text), destroying heat (number), heat-behaviour (heat-behaviour), corrosion resistance (number).

 14 Materials

heat-behaviour  (plural heat-behaviours)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

burner  , melter 

player form  (plural player forms)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

human-form  , ghoul  , vampire  , vampire bat 

valuation  (plural valuations)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

minor  , major  , epic  , unique  , special  , non-treasure 

scroll-effect-value  (plural scroll-effect-values)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

 13 scroll-effect-values

scroll-parsable  (plural scroll-parsables)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

 13 Scroll-parsables

as-shape  (plural as-shapes)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

as-witch  , as-bird  , as-dog 

achievement  (plural achievements)

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value

 14 Achievements

use option (plural use options)

Matches: value, sayable value
One of the optional ways to configure Inform, such as the 'authorial modesty option'.

table name (plural table names) 

Matches: value, sayable value
Like tables of information in a book or newspaper, tables in Inform hold values which have been organised into rows and columns. A table name is just a single value, identifying which table is meant - say, 'Table of US Presidents' might be a table name value.

equation name (plural equation names)

Matches: value
Like formulae in a textbook or a scientific paper, equations in Inform are written out in displayed form and given names.

action name (plural action names) 

Matches: value, sayable value
An action is what happens when one of the people in the simulated world decides to do something. A full action would be something like 'dropping the box', but an action name is just the choice of which sort of thing is being done: here, it's 'the dropping action'. (Action names are always written with the word 'action' at the end, to make sure they aren't mistaken for full actions.)

figure name (plural figure names) 

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
When made with the Glulx setting, an Inform project can include images as well as words, and these are called figures. A figure name is just the name of one of the figures in the current project.

Figure of cover, Figure opening figure 

sound name (plural sound names) 

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
When made with the Glulx setting, an Inform project can include sound effects or pieces of music. A sound name is just the name of one of these sounds in the current project.

external file (plural external files) 

Matches: value, enumerated value, sayable value
When made with the Glulx setting, an Inform project can make limited use of files stored on the computer which is operating the story at run-time. An external-file is just the name of one of these files (not the filename in the usual sense, but a name given to it in the Inform source text).

file of save data , File Of Victories  , File Of Achievements 


phrase K -> L (plural phrases K -> L)

contravariant in K, covariant in L 

Matches: value, sayable value

relation of K (plural relations of K)

covariant 

Matches: value, sayable value

K based rule producing L (plural K based rules producing L

contravariant in K, covariant in L 

Matches: value, sayable value
One of many, many rules which determine what happens during play. Rules can be triggered by scenes beginning or ending, by certain actions, at certain times, or in the course of carrying out certain activities.

K based rulebook producing L (plural K based rulebooks producing L

contravariant in K, covariant in L 

Matches: value, sayable value
A list of rules to follow, in sequence, to get something done. A rulebook is like a ring-binder, with the individual rules as sheets of paper. Inform normally sorts these into their 'natural' order, with the most specific rules first, but it's easy to shuffle the pages if you need to. When some task is carried out during play, Inform is normally working through a rulebook, turning the pages one by one.

activity on K (plural activities on K

contravariant 

Matches: value
An activity is something which Inform does as part of the mechanics of play - for instance, printing the name of an object, which Inform often has to do. An activity can happen by itself ('printing the banner text', for instance) or can be applied to an object ('printing the name of something', say).

list of K (plural lists of K) 

covariant 

Matches: value, sayable value
A flexible-length list of values, where all of the items have to have the same kind of value as each other - for instance, a list of rooms, or a list of lists of numbers. The empty list, with no items yet, is written { }, and a list with items in is written with commas dividing them - say {2, 5, 9}.

description of K (plural descriptions of K) 

covariant 

Matches: value
A description of a set of values, where all of the items have to have the same kind of value as each other - for instance, 'even numbers' or 'open doors which are in lighted rooms'.

K valued property (plural K valued properties)

covariant 

Matches: value

K valued table column (plural K valued table columns)

covariant 

Matches: value

Covariance means that if K is a kind of L, then something you make from K can be used as the same thing made from L. For example, a list of doors can be used as a list of things, because 'list of K' is covariant. Contravariance means it works the other way round. For example, an activity on things can be used as an activity on doors, but not vice versa, because 'activity of K' is contravariant.